It is found that the modified slake durability test better suits for the tunnels built as water. Schmidts hammer rebound value analysis for finding. The system incorporates a motor drive unit mounted on a baseplate which revolves two or up to four stainless steel drums manufactured from 2 mm mesh, 140 mm dia. It controls test parameters, stores test data, and prepares reports. Proven analysis methods for durability and fatigue analysis with specialized capabilities for damage calculation and test profile generation intuitive, graphical interface for developing analytical processes, with displays for. Vinci technologies slakedurability index meter sdim. To do so, both the isrm suggested method for slake durability test, and a modified version of the slake durability test have been used. Suggested method for determining slake durability index. Powerful system for test data processing and durability analysis. The slake durability test, first proposed by franklin and chandra 1972, is a test intended to assess the resistance offered by a rock sample to weakening and disintegration when subject to one or several cycles of drying and wetting.
An analysis on the slaking and disintegration extent of weak rock. Astm d4644 08 standard test method for slake durability of. The possible improvement of the modified jar slake test as a predictor of durability was measured by plot ting standard and jar slake values against slake durabil ity values for all 50 samples using slake durability data from santi, 1995b. Comprehensive analysis for experts but simple to use for occasional users raising team effectiveness product features. Landslides under static and dynamic condition analysis, monitoring. Slakedurability index meter sdim the sdim instrument is used to assess the abrasion resistance of a rock sample weakened and partially disintegrated by two standard desiccation and imbibition cycles. Conducted properly, environmental and durability testing can help you minimize risk from warranty, insurance and damage claims by detecting design flaws early.
Slake durability apparatus supports the following standards. Fractal analysis of the slake durability test, can. Nov 22, 2019 to do so, both the isrm suggested method for slake durability test, and a modified version of the slake durability test have been used. Laboratory testing is an integral part of geotechnical engineering research and practice. Item analysis studies the internal reliability of a test, survey or questionnaire. Slake durability index where a is the weight of the drum plus initially rock samples.
Fractal analysis of the slake durability test canadian. This edition completely replacesy 201the 9 labofebruarratory manual of test procedures. A new sample preparation method of stabilized soil is presented in this study for the slake durability test. Standard test method for slake durability of shales and other. Electrical current readings are updated every 5 seconds, and a predicted 6hour coulomb value is generated every 5 minutes. The paper reports a study to assess the relationship between slake durability indices and uniaxial compressive strength, schmidt hardness, pwave velocity, modulus of elasticity, effective porosity, water absorption and dry and saturated unit weight for seven types of carbonate rocks obtained from south west turkey. This ranges from 0 being unstable with no aggregates to 8 retaining more than 90% of its structure when submerged and shaken in water.
Slake durability test the slake durability index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the final to initial dry sample masses as follows. Slake durability and mineralogical properties of some. Global cooperation home market development cooperator program expert. Slake durability was chosen as a representative measurement of durability because a the. An analysis on the slaking and disintegration extent of weak. A well planned and properly executed laboratory testing program will provide soil andor rock properties needed to perform geotechnical analyses and develop geotechnical models.
Correlation between slake durability and rock properties. Printed in great britain the slake durability test j. Details of specimen preparation including time between preparation and testing. The following parameters are measured while testing for durability. The profiles of the fragments were evaluated before and after the test using fractal analysis. Although the test is relatively rapid and easy to perform, the results are. Jan 23, 2016 the slake durability test is the laboratory test most commonly used to evaluate the relationship between slaking behaviour and rock durability. Test results are expressed as a slake durability index for each particular rock.
Abrasion and durability of aggregates humboldt mfg. The profiles of the rock fragments experienced changes during the test as a result of saturation and abrasioninduced stresses. The slake durability test was carried out by using the standard testing method of isrm 1979 in distilled water as well as in some aqueous solutions with dissolved electrolytes to determine the effect of dissolved cation on slake durability of the rocks. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design. The output of regression analysis included the fischer index f, regression coef. Sa80 slake durability apparatus is used in simulated weathering tests to determine abrasion resistance in wetting and drying cycles of shale and similar soft. The following materials are required to perform the slake durability test.
Maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as per astm indications transparent water tanks with. The jar slake test is a visual observationbased immersion test used to qualitatively assess the durability of shale. Correlation of equivalent quartz content, slake durability index and is50 with cerchar abrasiveness index for different types of rock. Jun 18, 2018 maximum 4 drums can be used simultaneously to improve testing productivity complete with display showing the residual testing time 10 minutes as per astm indications transparent water tanks with. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability. The method of stability analysis used see section 6. Astm d4644 16 standard test method for slake durability of. First, samples are tumbled in mesh drums through a water medium, and then they are ovendried for two cycles. This test method covers the determination of the slake durability index of a shale or other weak rock after three drying and two wetting cycles with abrasion effects. Astm d4644 the slake durability apparatus is used to determine the durability of rocks and the probable amount of deterioration of weak rocks, over a period of time, after simulated exposure to natures continual wetting and drying cycles. Schmidts hammer rebound value analysis for finding uniaxial.
Chandra indian hydroelectric commission received 28 september 1971 abstracta test is described that measures the resistance of a rock sample to weakening and disintegration resulting from a standard cycle of. Item response analysis is used to analyze questions on a test that can be scored as either right or wrong to determine how well they discriminate between individuals of varying ability. This manual has the current versions of our laboratory test procedures. Dec 15, 2015 test performed under this project slake durability index density point load strength 11. Astm d4644 standard test method for slake durability of. Slake durability apparatus this equipment has been developed to assess the durability of rock to weakening and disintegration when subjected to the simulated effects of climatic slaking. Simulation of sandstone degradation using largescale slake. In order to apply this sample preparation method, white and pink tuff samples were collected at the tuff quarries located at the eskisehir region in turkey. It is rarely possible to test the rock mass in the laboratory because of difficulty iii obtaining a. Windowsbased software is installed on the users pc.
Pdf durability assessment of weak rock by using jar slaking test. Statistical analysis bivariate and multiple regression analysis were run using spss software and the fischer test. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inchpound units, which are provided for. An ebook reader can be a software application for use on a computer such as microsofts free reader application, or a booksized computer this is used solely as a reading device such as nuvomedias rocket ebook.
The slake durability test was suggested as a standard test for rocks by the international society of rock mechanics and also by the american society for testing and materials. For instance, failure during transportation is a common problem and testing at the early stages of product development can help to ensure quality. Modified slake durability test for erodible rock material henry. Freescale semiconductor techniques and tools for software analysis, rev.
This test method covers the determination of the slake durability index of a shale or other similar rock after two drying and wetting cycles with abrasion. Standard test method for slake durability of shales and. The isrm 1979 suggested slake durability index sdi is defined as the percentage ratio of the final to initial dry sample masses after two standard cycles of wetting and drying. The slake durability index astm d464408 measures the response of rock. In this study, the preparation method of the equivalent sized spherical samples which is called as pasha method is applied to slake durability index test. Printed in great britain the slakedurability test j. Diameter, dimensions, rock specimen preparation, surface analysis, tolerances. The slake durability test was carried out for the samples listed in table 1 by using the standard testing method developed by franklin and chandra 1972 and recommended by the international society for rock mechanics and standardized by the american society for testing and materials. Durability testing is a performance testing technique used to determine the characteristics of a system under various load conditions over time. Determination of slake durability index with spherical.
For the first series, the test procedure and data reduction were similar to that of the standard practice astm. Slake durability is a simulated weathering test to measure abrasion resistance during wetting and drying cycles of shale and similar soft rocks as used in embankments and other constructionrelated applications. Durability assessment of claybearing soft rocks by using new. Standard practices for preparing rock core specimens and determining dimensional and shape tolerances. Falling sand abrasion tester hp1160 the falling sand test determines the abrasion resistance of coatings, such as paint, varnish, lacquer and related products.
The cement content was varied from 2 to 10 percent of the dry soil. Durability testing is becoming increasingly important as manufacturers strive to increase the reliability of their products. Samples are alternately tumbled in mesh drums partially submerged in water followed by oven drying, for two or three cycles. Rock mass is the term used to describe the material along the rupture surface. Chandra indian hydroelectric commission received 28 september 1971 abstracta test is described that measures the resistance of a rock sample to weakening and disintegration. However, if a test was identical to an aashto, ast, or mftp procedure it was not m duplicated in this manual. Powerful system for test data processing and durability. Slake durability is a simulated weathering test to measure abrasion resistance during wetting and drying cycles of shale and similar soft rocks as used in. Manufacturer of rock testing machine slake durability apparatus, electronic instrumentation offered by advanced technocracy inc. Slake durability test the slake durability index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the final to initial dry sample masses. The slake durability test sdt is the standardized way of finding a quantitative indexed property for drying, wetting, and abrasion of.
The microdeval test measures abrasion resistance and durability of mineral aggregates. Durability papworths construction testing equipment. The jar slaking test was found to be more suitable to measure durability of weak. Correlation between slake durability and rock properties for. This testing helps us to identify the stability of transaction response times over the duration of the test. Slake durability of a deep red stratum sandstone under. Rock mechanics laboratory testing geomechanica inc. Abrasion resistance, shale, slake durability, weak rocks. After sample preparation stage, these tuff samples were subjected to the. The combined use of the pdi, together with the analysis of the shape of the. Correlation of equivalent quartz content, slake durability. Pdf the slake durability index sdi test is widely used to determine the disintegration.
The test is performed different times and the wear is given by the loss in weight of the sample. Correlation of equivalent quartz content, slake durability index and is50 with cerchar abrasiveness index for different types of rock m. Astm d4644 testing services standard test method for. This test measures the durability of weak rocks in the service environment. An analysis on the slaking and disintegration extent of. Fragments of siltstone were subjected to the slake durability test. Noiuish rock strength properties amd their measurement. Test results are expressed as a slakedurability index for each particular rock. Set of 2 wire mesh drums for use with slake durability apparatus. The slake durability test is the laboratory test most commonly used to evaluate the relationship between slaking behaviour and rock durability. The test results show that the unstabilized compactedsiltstone was ruined on the first test cycle. Simulation of sandstone degradation using largescale. The rock mass may consist of a continuous fracture, a combination of intact rock and fractures, or solely intact rock. Results and analysis slake durability index and shape changes the slake durability index second cycle is calculated as the percentage ratio of final to initial dry sample weights as follows franklin and chandra 1972.
The rock samples are dried and then submitted to wear stress inside a drum which is rotated into water. Pdf determination of slake durability index sdi values on. Proven analysis methods for durability and fatigue analysis with specialized capabilities for damage calculation and test profi le generation intuitive, graphical interface for developing analytical processes, plus displays for. Prooveit software for rapid chloride permeability testing. D464416 standard test method for slake durability of shales and other similar weak rocks abrasion resistance drying slake durability test weak rocks. A new sample preparation method of stabilized soil is presented in this study for the slakedurability test.
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